3-1. The formula for calculating bulk density: s b = m / V Where: s b = Bulk Density m = Mass of the Soil V = Volume of the Soil Let's solve an example; Find the bulk density when the mass of the soil is 24 and the volume of the soil is 6. Measuring Bulk Specific Gravity of Compacted Specimens Using The Troxler Model 3660 CoreReader. e = current void ratio of the soil in-situ Answer (1 of 3): What is the relationship between bulk density and specific gravity? $V_v = V_w + V_a$, total weight = weight of solids + weight of water Weight-Volume Relationship from the Phase Diagram of Soil 1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the specific gravity of soil solids that pass the 4.75-mm (No. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Accessed 1 July 2002. The bulk specific gravity test measures a HMA sample's weight under three different conditions (Figure 1): Dry (no water in sample). specific gravity, also called relative density, ratio of the density of a substance to that of a standard substance. Find the bulk density when the mass of the soil is 24 and the volume of the soil is 6. m = Mass of the Soil = 24 The Specific Gravity of Soil is defined as the ratio of the weight of a given volume of the material to the weight of an equal volume of distilled water. 1993 AASHTO Flexible Pavement Structural Design, 1993 AASHTO Rigid Pavement Structural Design, Climate Change Impacts on Pavements and Resilience, E-Construction in Practice: A Peer Exchange with WSDOT and TxDOT. The formulas for calculating bulk density and particle density follow: Bulk density, b = mass of oven dry soil total soil volume Bulk density, b = mass of oven dry soil total soil volume Particle density, p = mass of oven dry soil volume of soil solids Particle density, p = mass of oven dry soil volume of soil solids Figure 8.1. The procedure that is followed towards that goal is the following: To better understand how the Specific Gravity is calculated, the aforementioned measured quantities are presented in Figure 1. Rolling up the aggregate into the towel and then shaking and rolling the aggregate from side to side is usually effective in reducing the sample to a SSD condition (Video 1). Absorption, which is also determined by the same test procedure, is a measure of the amount of water that an aggregate can absorb into its pore structure. And after that, we will find the specific gravity of the object. s) = Ws/Vs; 12. It may be necessary to wipe the larger particles separately. The soil sample is dried in an oven at a temperature of 105C to 110C. Android (Paid)https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.nickzom.nickzomcalculator Some lightweight shales (not used in HMA production) can have specific gravities near 1.050, while other aggregate can have specific gravities above 3.000. This method has shown promise in both accuracy and precision. The driving weight is raised and dropped repeatedly to drive the sampler into the soil. Given: m = 36 g v = 3 mL = 1 g/mL Calculation: Density of the object = = = 12 g/mL Now, we know the density of both the elements that is the object and water. Three different masses are recorded during the test. w at 4C is 1gm/ml, 1000 kg/m 3 or 1 Mg/m 3 Basic Soil Relationships Finally, specific gravity differences can be used to indicate a possible material change. Typically, aggregate used in HMA production will have a bulk specific gravity between about 2.400 and 3.000 with 2.700 being fairly typical of limestone. $\gamma_s = G\gamma_w$, $\dfrac{W_s}{V_s} \cdot \dfrac{W_w}{W_w} = G\gamma_w$, $\dfrac{W_w}{V_s} \cdot \dfrac{W_s}{W_w} = G\gamma_w$, $\dfrac{W_w}{V_s} \cdot \dfrac{1}{W_w/W_s} = G\gamma_w$, $\dfrac{\gamma_w V_w}{V_s} \cdot \dfrac{1}{w} = G\gamma_w$, $\dfrac{V_w}{V_s} \cdot \dfrac{1}{w} = G$, $\dfrac{V_w}{V_s} \cdot \dfrac{V_v}{V_v} = Gw$, $\dfrac{V_w}{V_v} \cdot \dfrac{V_v}{V_s} = Gw$. Data Analysis. Wash the aggregate retained on the No. What are the sizes of macropores and micropores? w s sws w w s s w s s M M . The specific weight, , of a material is defined as the product of its density, , and the standard gravity, g: =g{\displaystyle \gamma =\rho \,g} The densityof the material is defined as massper unit volume, typically measured in kg/m3. Obtain a sample of coarse aggregate material retained on the No. Known values: total mass of the soil sample, Mt=30.2 g, dry mass of the soil sample, Ms=23.3 g. air mass Ma is negligible. Porosity is the ratio of volume of voids to the total volume of soil. Record the final weight of each canister (including the lid) plus oven-dry soil. To find it, divide the density of soil solids by the density of water (Pw), which is 1,000 kg/m3. Both use the same aggregate volume. It is an important parameter in soil mechanics for the calculation of the weight-volume relationship. s = Density of Soil = 11. Now you're ready to calculate density. $\gamma = \dfrac{W}{V}$, $\gamma = \dfrac{\gamma_w V_w + \gamma_s V_s}{V_v + V_s}$, $\gamma = \dfrac{\gamma_w V_w + G \gamma_w V_s}{V_v + V_s}$, $\gamma = \dfrac{V_w + G V_s}{V_v + V_s}\gamma_w$, $\gamma = \dfrac{S V_v + G V_s}{V_v + V_s}\gamma_w$, $\gamma = \dfrac{S (V_v/V_s) + G (V_s/V_s)}{(V_v/V_s) + (V_s/V_s)}\gamma_w$, Moist unit weight in terms of dry density and moisture content The bulk specific gravity is the ratio of the weight of a given volume of aggregate, including the permeable and impermeable voids in the particles, to the weight of an equal volume of water ( Kandhal et al., 2000; Prowell and Baker, 2004; Sholar et al., 2005 ). The voids, or pore space, are important for air and water movement and storage. emin = void ratio of the soil at its densest conditiond = current dry unit weight of soil in-situ Remove the vacuum, clean and dry the flask and add distilled water up to the mark. Laboratory samples are typically dry at the beginning of the test; however, field samples will typically be damp. Back in the lab, weigh each canister plus moist soil. Also called buoyant density or buoyant unit weight (b). Return any soil sample remaining in beaker to sample storage container and dry clean beaker. Aggregate absorption can also vary widely depending upon aggregate type. Determine the weight of dry soil in the sample. Troxler Electronic Laboratories, Inc. (Troxler). The relationship between specific gravity of solid particles G, water content or moisture content w, degree of saturation S, and void ratio e, is given by the following: The formula above can be derived as follows: g = 9.81 m/s2 Lets solve an example; Apple (Paid)https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/nickzom-calculator/id1331162702?mt=8 To compute for specific gravity of soil particle, two essential parameters are needed and these parameters areDensity of water (w)andDensity of soil (s). total volume = volume of soilds + volume of voids This laboratory entails a demonstration of the use of a soil density sampler, and a problem set that is focused on common soil density calculations. Question. Aggregate specific gravity is needed to determine weight-to-volume relationships and to calculate various volume-related quantities such as voids in mineral aggregate (VMA), and voids filled by asphalt (VFA). 4) sieve, by means of a water pycnometer. Upon completion of this exercise you should be able to: From Brady and Weil, The Nature and Properties of Soils, 13 th Ed. at least ten times from a height of about 2-3 inches. Certainly, the accuracy of all measurements is important. V = Volume of soil Organic matter and porous particles may havespecific gravityvalues below 2.0 and Soil which has heavy substances or particles may have values above 3.0. It is denoted by G. There is no specification for bulk specific gravity, but it is used to calculate other specified parameters such as air voids, VMA and VFA. Bulk density is defined as the mass of the many . Required fields are marked *. The volume expansion of the solid mineral is insignificant. You can get this app via any of these means: Webhttps://www.nickzom.org/calculator-plus, To get access to theprofessionalversion via web, you need toregisterandsubscribeforNGN 2,000perannumto have utter access to all functionalities. Unit Weight, Q & A about Specific Gravity of Soil. You can also try thedemoversion viahttps://www.nickzom.org/calculator. The flow of liquids and through soil is essential for the existence of plants and other soil organisms. V = Volume of the Soil. W b = Weight of Pycnometer filled with water and soil. W = Total weight of soil V = Volume of the Soil = 6. Soil deposits consist of the soil particles and the void space between the particles. Coarse aggregate bulk SSD specific gravity. The bulk mass density is also called the wet mass density or simply bulk density. However, in practice the paraffin film application is quite difficult and test results are inconsistent. Liquids and gases are mostly water and air, respectively. The volume of the box can be determined by multiplying the height of the box times its width and its depth. Several important physical properties have been discussed in other labs: texture, structure, color, and consistency. Let, = Weight of soil solid in a given soil mass. [4] 2 Use the relationship between volume and density to derive your equation. The figure shown below is an idealized soil drawn into phases of solids, water, and air. Pavement Interactive was developed by thePavement Tools Consortium, a partnership between several state DOTs, the FHWA, and the University of Washington, as part of their effort tofurther develop and use computer-based pavement tools. Specific gravities can vary widely depending upon aggregate type. Correct and accurate bulk specific gravity determinations are vital to proper mix design. In this method the specimen is wrapped in a thin paraffin film (Figure 4) and then weighed in and out of water. GS is a significant parameter of soil mechanics since it can be associated with the soils mineral composition and weathering. Types: Absolute specific gravity Bulk specific gravity/apparent specific gravity S = degree of saturation of the soil For instance, deleterious particles (Figure 2) are often lighter than aggregate particles and therefore, a large amount of deleterious material in an aggregate sample may result in an abnormally low specific gravity. The screenshot below displays the page or activity to enter your values, to get the answer for the specific gravity of soil particle according to the respective parameters which is the Density of water (w)andDensity of soil (s). Porosity is the ratio of the volume of the pores in a soil sample to the total volume of the sample: [latex]\text{Porosity, }=\frac{\text{volume of pores}}{\text{total soil volume}}[/latex]. If the aggregate is not oven-dried before soaking, specific gravity values may be significantly higher. The final specific gravity is calculated following the specific gravity of soil formulas in the test method, along with the density of water and temperature coefficient tables. Now, Click onSoil Mechanics and FoundationunderAgricultural, Now, Click on Specific Gravity of Soil Particle underSoil Mechanics and Foundation. Measure the length and diameter of the metal cylinders. The total pore space consists of the voids between sand, silt, and clay particles and voids between soil aggregates. Figure 9: Weighing the sample underwater. Read More: Water Content of Soil Test Procedure, Result & Report, Specific Gravity Test of Soil IS Code: IS 2720-3-2 (1980). What is the typical range of bulk density values for mineral soils? Calculate the moisture content of the samples: Calculate the dry weight of the soil in each cylinder and record the data. The density of a fully saturated specimen of clay having a water content of 40% is 1.88 gm/cc. Table.1: Observations and Calculations for Specific Gravity of Soil 5. The volume includes both solids and pores. ASK AN EXPERT. Mathematically, ASTM D 854 This method is applicable for soils composed of "Particles smaller than 4.75mm in size". Legal. Specific gravity Specific gravity is defined as the ratio of the weight of a given volume of soil solids at a given temperature to the weight of an equal volume of distilled water at that temperature, both weights being taken in air. Bulk SSD specific gravities can be on the order of 0.050 to 0.100 higher than bulk oven dry specific gravities, while apparent specific gravities can be 0.050 to 0.100 higher still. These weights are used to calculate specific gravity and the percentage of water absorbed by the sample. The ratios given in the equations are then simply the ratio of the weight of a given volume of aggregate to the weight of an equal volume of water, which is specific gravity. Weigh and record graduated cylinder plus compact soil weight (C). Lets solve an example; Slowly pour approximately 25 mL of soil sample from beaker into water in the graduated cylinder. GS should not be confused with the soil density since it is a dimensionless unit and expresses the ratio of two particular densities. V = Volume of the Soil = 4. Fill the flask with distilled water up to the graduation mark. In materials science, bulk density, also called apparent density or volumetric density, is a property of powders, granules, and other "divided" solids, especially used in reference to mineral components (soil, gravel), chemical substances, (pharmaceutical) ingredients, foodstuff, or any other masses of corpuscular or particulate matter ().. sb= Bulk Density Definition: Specific gravity of aggregate is the ratio of the mass of solids in a particular volume of sample to the mass of the same volume of water at the same temperature of the solids. Ps = Ms/ (500-Vw) Now that you have the density of soil solids, you can calculate the specific gravity of soil solids (SG). m = Mass of the Soil Each test takes approximately 7 minutes to conduct excluding preparation time. Examples of suitable units have been shown below. Key Features: Most aggregates have a relative density between 2.4-2.9 with a corresponding particle (mass) density of 2400-2900 kg/m 3 (150-181 lb/ft 3). Determine water content within a soil sample as a percentage, by drying the soil in the oven at 105oC for 24 hours. The following formula is used to calculate the specific gravity of a material. This method of determining the specific gravity of soil given here is applicable for soils composed of particles smaller than 4.75 mm (No.4 U.S. sieve) in size. Apple (Paid)https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/nickzom-calculator/id1331162702?mt=8 The results are as follows: Aggregate A: Bulk specific gravity=2.814; absorption=0.4% Aggregate B: Bulk specific gravity=2.441; absorption=3.0% What is the specific gravity of a mixture of 35% aggregate A and 65% aggregate B by weight? These two density measurements provide an important insight into the physical nature of a given soil. The basket should be pre-conditioned to the water bath temperature. In practice, porosity is normally calculated using the formula: [latex]\text{Porosity, }=1-\frac{_\text{b}}{_\text{p}}[/latex]. $\gamma_{sat} = \dfrac{W_{sat}}{V_{sat}}$, $e = \dfrac{n}{1 - n}$ and $n = \dfrac{e}{1 + e}$, MATHalino - Engineering Mathematics Copyright 2023. The bulk specific gravity test is used to determine the specific gravity of a compacted HMA sample by determining the ratio of its weight to the weight of an equal volume of water. G S should not be confused with the soil density since it is a dimensionless unit and expresses the ratio of two particular densities. Carefully cut between the two shorter rings and the main core. Mathematically , G = Ms / Mw = s / w = s / w Where, s = Density of Solid w = Density of Water s = Unit Weight of Solid w = Unit Weight of Water s /? An incorrect bulk specific gravity value will result in incorrectly calculated air voids, VMA, VFA and ultimately result in an incorrect mix design. The bulk mass density of soil is defined as the ratio of total mass to total volume. Repeat this process in ten mL intervals until you reach the 50 mL mark. It is also used to derive several important soil parameters such as the porosity, the dry and saturated density and the degree of saturation. Void Ratio, e When the soil contains particles larger than the 4.75-mm sieve, Test Method C127 shall be used for the soil solids retained on the 4.75-mm sieve and these test methods shall be used for the . Coarse aggregate apparent specific gravity. $\gamma ' = \gamma_{sat} - \gamma_w$, $\gamma ' = \dfrac{(G + e)\gamma_w}{1 + e} - \gamma_w$, $\gamma ' = \dfrac{(G + e)\gamma_w - (1 + e)\gamma_w}{1 + e}$, $\gamma ' = \dfrac{G\gamma_w + e\gamma_w - \gamma_w - e\gamma_w}{1 + e}$, $\gamma ' = \dfrac{G\gamma_w - \gamma_w}{1 + e}$, Unit weight of water = 9.81 kN/m3 = 9810 N/m3 = 62.4 lb/ft3. w = Density of Water. In this laboratory, additional physical properties will be measured, and their implications for land management will be discussed. Measuring flask method Measuring flask is of 250 ml (or 500 ml) capacity . UNIT WEIGHT OF SOIL SOLIDS (? Therefore, by definition, water at 73.4F (23C) has a specific gravity of 1. On oven drying, the density drops to 1.74 gm/cc. This discards small aggregate particles clinging to the retained large particles. From the above table, we can say that the specific gravity of the soil sample is 2.68. These methods, based on Archimedes Principle, calculate specimen volume by weighing the specimen (1) in a water bath and (2) out of the water bath. You can get this app via any of these means: Webhttps://www.nickzom.org/calculator-plus, To get access to theprofessionalversion via web, you need toregisterandsubscribeforNGN 2,000perannumto have utter access to all functionalities. Submerge sample in 77F (25C) water for 4 minutes and record the submerged mass . When the desired depth is reached, the device is removed from the soil, and the removable metal cylinder containing the soil sample is removed. Therefore, the Specific Gravity GS is calculated as: A correction is utilized to adjust the results at a reference temperature T=20C: where K is the temperature correction factor. In this video we discuss in detail about the difference among apparent , bulk & effective specific gravity of aggregate. The problem set will be provided to you at the beginning of the laboratory session. Soil porosity is also dependent on, and inversely related to, soil density. Conversely, if the sample is beyond SSD and some of the pore water has evaporated (which is more likely), the mass of the SSD sample will be lower than it ought to be, which will cause a higher calculated bulk specific gravity. i av = N d at middle of heave soil prism /unit length pile. Figure 6: CoreLok sample vacuum sealed in a plastic bag. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. Given that the specific gravity of soil particle is 12 and the density of soil is 156. Rather, specific gravity is an aggregate quality needed to make required volume calculations. Degree of Saturation, S e = void ratio However, if the maximum size of the soil particle is 75 mm, 45 kg of the sample should be used for the test. Gs= Specific Gravity of Soil Particle They are also useful as study notes for exams. Solution W=0.285KN, Ws=0.25KN, V=14*103*10-6=14*10-3m3 W%= e=?? (March 2001). Gs =Unit weight (or density) of soil sample only / Unit weight (or density) or water. Mass/Bulk/Apparent Specific Gravity It is the ratio of the weight of soil of a given volume to the weight of standard fluid (water) of the same volume. The International Information Center for Geotechnical Engineers, Step-by-Step Guide for Grain Size Analysis, VertekCPT: All you need to know about Soil Liquefaction, Using Terzaghis Equation in Foundation Design, Geotechnical Engineering Lab Manual, by Prof. William A. Kitch (Angelo State University), A list of Videos on Laboratory Testing to support Online Instruction, Splitting Tensile Strength Test (Brazilian), Volumetric flask marked with a thin ring at a specific point of its neck (graduation mark), Weigh the empty and clean volumetric flask (. In this case, use AASHTO T 275, Bulk Specific Gravity of Compacted Bituminous Mixtures Using Paraffin-Coated Specimens or AASHTO TP 69, Bulk Specific Gravity and Density of Compacted Asphalt Mixtures Using Automatic Vacuum Sealing Method. You can also try thedemoversion viahttps://www.nickzom.org/calculator. Effective unit weight is the weight of solids in a submerged soil per unit volume. Simply divide the mass of the sample by the volume of the water displaced. HMA bulk specific gravity is needed to determine weight-volume relationships and to calculate various volume-related quantities such as air voids and voids in mineral aggregate (VMA). If absorption is incorrectly accounted for, the resulting HMA could be overly dry and have low durability (absorption calculated lower than it actually is) or over-asphalted and susceptible to distortion and rutting (absorption calculated higher than it actually is). Download Solution PDF. The liquid and gas portions are essential for plant growth and are found in the pore spaces among the soil solids. Lets solve an example; Between 20o C and 25o C the density of water is essentially 1 g/cm3. m = Mass of the Soil. Your answer should be 1.5 g/cm 3. S = Weight of Dry Piece Soaked in Fluid. Calculating the Density of Soil when the Specific Gravity of Soil Particle and the Density of Water is Given. Home Science Classical Physics. The general values for specific gravity for different soils are given in Table -1. Geoengineer.org uses third party cookies to improve our website and your experience when using it. G = Specific gravity of solid particles, Bulk Unit Weight / Moist Unit Weight Ww = Weight of water For a particular aggregate type or source, fine aggregate specific gravities can be slightly higher than coarse aggregate specific gravities because as the aggregate particles get smaller, the fraction of pores exposed to the aggregate surface (and thus excluded from the specific gravity calculation because they are water-permeable) increases. d = =17.857Kn/m3 17.857= Specific gravity of solid particles of soil is the ratio of the unit weight of solids (s) to the unit weight of water (w). You must have JavaScript enabled to use this form. Clean the specific gravity bottle well and dry it. Vw = Volume of water Bulk SSD specific gravities can be on the order of 0.050 to 0.100 higher than bulk oven dry specific gravities, while apparent specific gravities can be 0.050 to 0.100 higher still. However, of specific concern is the mass of the SSD sample. g/cm3 ), including solids and pore spaces. Thus, the bulk mass density of soil formula is p = M / V . Drying should occur in an oven regulated at 230F (110C). Bulk Specific Gravity Calculator. Bulk density is a measure of the mass of a soil per given volume (i.e. Units of density are typically expressed in g cm3 or Mg m-3. The following description is a brief summary of the test. High values can indicate non-durable aggregate. Engineering Civil Engineering A sand sample has a bulk density of 20kN/m and a degree of saturation of 70%. Soil represents a unique arrangement of solids and voids. Remove the lids of all of the canisters, and place each in a 105C oven. 4 (4.75 mm) sieve. All three use the aggregates oven dry weight. 4 (4.75 mm) sieve (Figure 6). A = Air Content, percentage (%) e = void ratio (ratio of volume of voids to the volume of solids), no units G s = specific gravity (the ratio of the density of the soil to the density of water), no units I D = density index (relative density), percentage (%) n = porosity (ratio of the volume of voids to the total volume), percentage (%) 1. These two (water and air) are called voids which occupy between soil particles. It is similar in nature to the fine aggregate specific gravity test. Insert a 1.5 cm metal ring, a 6 cm metal core, and then a second 1.5 cm metal ring into the barrel of the core sampler, then reattach the barrel to the handle. W = Weight of Dry Piece in Fluid. Considerable preparation time may be necessary if contamination must be removed from the bottom of the sample. It is denoted by 'Sr'. Use a vacuum pump to gradually apply vacuum and remove the entrapped air while spinning the flask to remove the air bubbles. Take an average of 3 values these values should not vary by more than 2 to 3%. Bulk specific gravity is involved in most key mix design calculations including air voids, VMA and, indirectly, VFA. Read More: 7 Brick Test to Decide Quality of Bricks. Standard Reference: ASTM D 854-00 - Standard Test for Specific Gravity of Soil Solids Specific gravity is the ratio of the mass of unit volume of soil at a stated temperature to the mass of the same volume of gas-free distilled water at a stated temperature. The most common method (and the one described in the Test Description section), calculates the specimen volume by subtracting the mass of the specimen in water (Figure 2) from the mass of a SSD specimen. The following formulas are taken from unit weights of soil: = ( G + S e) w 1 + e = ( G + G w) w 1 + e d = G w 1 + e s a t = ( G + e) w 1 + e = ( G 1) w 1 + e Where m = mass of soil V = volume of soil W = weight of soil = density of soil d = dry density of soil sat = saturated density of soil ' = buoyant density of soil 4. NTP - Normal Temperature and Pressure - defined as 20 o C (293.15 K, 68 o F) and 1 atm ( 101.325 kN/m2, 101.325 kPa, 14.7 psia, 0 psig, 30 in Hg, 760 torr); Molecular weights can be used to calculate Specific Gravity if the densities of the gas and the air are evaluated at the same pressure and temperature. s = Density of Soil = 156. Ans: Because at 4C the unit weight of water is 1. Calculating the Volume of the Soil when the Bulk Density and the Mass of the Soil is Given. Preparation of Soil Sample: A representative sample of soil of 12 kg mass is taken if the maximum size of the soil particle is less than 75 mm. Figure 7 shows the Troxler device. As with all calculations care must be taken to keep consistent units throughout. Absorption can be used as an indicator of aggregate durability as well as the volume of asphalt binder it is likely to absorb. Paper towels may absorb water in the aggregate pores. The density of water varies less than 1.5 mg/cm3 over the narrow range of normal temperatures. Then find the volume needed in order to have the same bulk density for the other. Bulk density is a commonly measured soil property by agriculturalists and engineers. Therefore, after the wax sets there is no possibility of it draining out and, theoretically, a more accurate volume can be calculated. Students will also learn to calculate soil porosity. Absorptions above about 5 percent tend to make HMA mixtures uneconomical because extra asphalt binder is required to account for the high aggregate absorption. m = Mass of the Soil = 45. This is because in the normal procedure the water may not be able to penetrate the pores to the center of the aggregate particle during the soaking time. If the specific gravity of soil grains is 2,65, the value of critical hydraulic gradient for the soil will be (Assume Yw = 10 kN/m) A sand sample has a bulk density of 20kN/m and a degree of saturation of 70%. w = Water content or moisture content Dr = relative density The specific gravity (G S) of a soil refers to the ratio of the solid particles' unit weight to the unit weight of water. Their common symbols are: Remove the barrel from the sampler and gently push the core out of the top of the barrel, taking care to keep the core intact. G = specific gravity of soil solids Place the sampler over the desired sampling location, and then drive it into the soil with the slide hammer at the top of the handle. This implies that; m = Mass of the Soil = 24 V = Volume of the Soil = 6 s b = m / V s b = 24 / 6 s b = 4 SCOPE This method of test covers the procedure for determining the bulk specific gravity of specimens of compacted asphalt mixtures. Soil is composed of solids, liquids, and gases. Relative Density = Mass of the Aggregate / Mass of equal volume of water. Add slightly more than 50 mL of the two soil samples to 50 mL beakers. Compact the soil by dropping onto a padded surface like a book, notebook, etc. Find the specific gravity of soil particle when the density of water is 22 and the the density of soil is 11. w = Density of Water = 22
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